芳香疗法在园林中的应用研究

介绍了芳香疗法的定义、发展过程以及国内外研究应用现状。芳香疗法具有疗效可靠、安全舒适、无毒副作用的特点。在防病疗疾、优化环境以及精神方面均有独特的功效。提出了“芳香植物专类园”、“夜花园”、“盲人植物园”、“保健绿地”等园林绿地的应用技术。     

COMBINATION OF RADIATION THERAPY AND FIROCOXIB FOR THE TREATMENT OF CANINE NASAL CARCINOMA

Carcinomas represent two‐thirds of canine nasosinal neoplasms. Although radiation therapy (RT) is the standard of care, the incidence of local recurrence following treatment is high. Cyclooxygenase‐isoform‐2 (COX‐2) is expressed in 71–95% of canine nasal carcinomas and has been implicated in tumor growth and angiogenesis. Accordingly, COX‐2 inhibition seems rational to improve outcome. Dogs with histologically confirmed, previously untreated nasal carcinomas were randomized to receive the combination of a selective COX‐2 inhibitor (firocoxib) and palliative RT (Group 1) or RT and placebo (Group 2). Patients were regularly monitored with blood tests, urinalysis, and computed tomography. Pet owners were asked to complete monthly a quality‐of‐life questionnaire. Twenty‐four dogs were prospectively enrolled. According to Adams modified system, there were five stage 1, five stage 2, three stage 3, and 11 stage 4 tumors. Two dogs had metastases to regional lymph nodes. Median progression‐free interval and overall survival were 228 and 335 days in Group 1 (n = 12) and 234 and 244 days in Group 2 (n = 12). These differences were not statistically significant. The involvement of regional lymph nodes was significantly associated with progression‐free interval and overall survival (P = 0.004). Quality of life was significantly improved in Group 1 (P = 0.008). In particular, a significant difference was observed for activity and appetite. Although not providing a significant enhancement of progression‐free interval and overall survival, firocoxib in combination with RT is safe and improved life quality in dogs with nasal carcinomas.     

Bacteriophages as antimicrobial agents against major pathogens in swine: a review

In recent years, the development of antibiotic resistant bacteria has become a global concern which has prompted research into the development of alternative disease control strategies for the swine industry. Bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria) offer the prospect of a sustainable alternative approach against bacterial pathogens with the flexibility of being applied therapeutically or for biological control purposes. This paper reviews the use of phages as an antimicrobial strategy for controlling critical pathogens including Salmonella and Escherichia coli with an emphasis on the application of phages for improving performance and nutrient digestibility in swine operations as well as in controlling zoonotic human diseases by reducing the bacterial load spread from pork products to humans through the meat.     

日本森林疗养研究概况及其启示

在对日本森林疗养文献查询与阅读的基础上,通过对相关文献的分析,将日本森林疗养研究分为森林疗养效益实证研究、森林疗养基地研究及自然体验活动研究三个方面内容进行阐述,并将日本森林疗养的概念、研究内容与我国的森林康养进行比较,最后对中国森林康养产业发展做出展望。     

中国台湾地区森林疗愈发展计划及其内容

发展森林康养是新兴的森林可持续经营方式,是缓解现代社会压力有效而简捷的措施,也有助于弥补预防医学领域的短板。发展全民健康养生和森林康养产业是时代所趋,同时也符合乡村振兴战略的目标。文中以中国台湾地区“林务局”编写的《森林疗愈发展策略暨行动计划书》为基础,重点梳理台湾地区森林疗愈计划的内容,包括“森林疗愈的发展趋势”“森林疗愈场地选址原则”“森林疗愈课程与运营规划”“森林疗愈发展策略方案”4项议题;总结森林疗愈发展的过程、内容和进展,目的是为进行森林康养规划、编制相关经营计划以及调整研究方向提供参考。     

Furunculosis in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) is not readily controllable by bacteriophage therapy

The potential of bacteriophage therapy to control bacterial disease in farmed fish was tested using, as an example, furunculosis of Atlantic salmon, caused by Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida.

In vivo testing with Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum) showed no adverse effects, with bacteriophage generally cleared within 96 h of administration by either intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection or oral in-feed.

Juvenile Atlantic salmon were administered a combination of bacteriophage O, R and B (1.9 × 10⁸ pfu fish^− 1) by i.p. injection, after they had been challenged with A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida 78027, also by i.p. injection. The fish that were injected with bacteriophage immediately after challenge died at a significantly slower rate then those that were either not treated with bacteriophage, or treated 24 h post-challenge. However, the end result (100% mortality) was not affected.

In further experiments the effects of oral (1.88 × 10⁵ pfu g^− 1 fish^− 1 daily for 30 days), bath (1.04 × 10⁵ ml^− 1 daily for 30 days) and i.p. (6.25 × 10⁷ pfu fish^− 1) phage treatment to control furunculosis in experimentally infected Atlantic salmon were compared with antibiotherapy (treatment with 10 mg kg^− 1 bw^− 1 day^− 1 oxolinic acid for 10 days), using an indirect cohabitation challenge. No protection was offered by any of the bacteriophage treatments, compared to the positive challenge group, although significant protection was offered by the oxolinic acid treatment. Analysis of samples taken from the trials demonstrated that bacteriophage were correctly administered to the fish and, on occasion, were isolated from fish that had succumbed to furunculosis. It was also shown that bacteriophage resistant A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida isolates could be recovered from mortalities in all the treatment groups.

The results suggest that, although there were no safety problems associated with the approach, furunculosis in Atlantic salmon is not readily controllable by application of bacteriophage.     

牙鲆盾纤毛虫病的药物防治试验

试验结果表明:CH3OH(>400.0×10-6)和CuSO4(淡水条件下)对牙鲆盾纤毛虫病有较好的杀除效果;结合使用中草药"盾纤虫清"能彻底治愈此病。淡水浸泡、H2O2、KMnO4等方法可杀死牙鲆体内盾纤毛虫。     

Oral Recombinant Feline Interferon-Omega as an alternative immune modulation therapy in FIV positive cats: Clinical and laboratory evaluation

Recombinant-Feline Interferon-Omega (rFeIFN-ω) is an immune-modulator licensed for use subcutaneously in Feline Immunodeficiency virus (FIV) therapy. Despite oral protocols have been suggested, little is known about such use in FIV-infected cats. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical improvement, laboratory findings, concurrent viral excretion and acute phase proteins (APPs) in naturally FIV-infected cats under oral rFeIFN-ω therapy (0.1 MU/cat rFeIFN-ω PO, SID, 90 days). 11 FIV-positive cats were treated with oral rFeIFN-ω (PO Group). Results were compared to previous data from 7 FIV-positive cats treated with the subcutaneous licensed protocol (SC Group). Initial clinical scores were similar in both groups. Independently of the protocol, rFeIFN-ω induced a significant clinical improvement of treated cats. Concurrent viral excretion and APP’s variation were not significant in the PO Group. Oral rFeIFN-ω can be an effective alternative therapy for FIV-infected cats, being also an option for treatment follow-up in cats submitted to the licensed protocol.